As you scour garden centers for plants know that attached tags indicating sun needs may be inaccurate in Colorado.
Full sun in many parts of the country is not as intense as full sun in Colorado, so plants carrying a full-sun tag may do better in this state with part shade or only morning sun.
An understanding of climate and growing conditions is essential to be successful with landscaping. Think of light in terms of degrees of sun and shade.
Full sun Direct sun for at least 8 hours a day, including between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. In south or west exposures, choose plants with lower water needs. Once established, xeric or Xeriscape trees, shrubs and perennials thrive with minimal irrigation. Use ornamental grasses for vertical growth and winter interest. At a new home, consider how trees can favorably modify the environment, creating pockets of shade as they mature, diversifying landscape choices.
Full sun with reflected heat Near a foundation, against a brick or stone wall or in rock mulch, ambient heat can be extreme. Many species simply can’t take this combination of sun and heat. Junipers can, which is why their many species and cultivars are planted in these places. To increase options, swap rock mulch for bark, plant a shade tree, or plant XXX-rated plants.
Morning shade with afternoon sun While cool morning shade is nice, the intense west or southwest exposure may limit plant selection, especially if there’s reflected heat from rock mulch or patio and foundation walls. Once again, think Xeriscape.
Morning sun with afternoon shade Protection from the extreme afternoon heat is optimal for many plants and can reduce water needs. Experiment with different plants.
Filtered shade The dappled shade beneath larger trees can protect plants from heat while still allowing ample sunlight. Use caution when planting under established trees; you can damage roots as you dig.
Open shade Between houses, on the north or east side of a fence, most direct sunlight can be blocked. Choose shade-tolerant plants here. A hedge of boxwood, euonymous or arborvitae or a groundcover of sweet woodruff might work.
Closed shade Some plants do best when they cannot see the sky. In Colorado, they must also be cold hardy. Hostas, yews and “Endless Summer” hydrangeas are good choices for these locations. Shade-loving annuals such as impatiens and begonias might be your best choice. Also, use containers for great effect and versatility in these areas.
For more assistance with plant selection, contact the Colorado State University Cooperative Extension office in your county, or visit www.ext.colostate.edu.
David Clement is a Colorado State University Cooperative Extension master gardener in Douglas County.
