WASHINGTON — Rising rents, stagnant wages and high unemployment led more than 7 million U.S. households to either live in substandard dwellings or pay more than half their monthly incomes for rent in 2009, according to a federal report delivered to Congress on Tuesday.
During the height of the Great Recession, the number of low-income households with “worst-case housing needs” increased by nearly 1.2 million, or 20 percent, from 2007 to 2009. That’s the largest two-year increase since the Department of Housing and Urban Development began tracking the data in 1985.
All family types, all racial and ethnic groups and all regions of the country saw an increase in these distressed renters in 2009, said Raphael Bostic, HUD’s assistant secretary for policy development.
“The loss of income, the general lack of affordable housing and the increased monthly rent burden are clearly putting a lot of stresses on unassisted families at the lower end of the income spectrum,” Bostic said.
The data for HUD’s report, “Worst Case Housing Needs 2009,” were gleaned from Census Bureau surveys conducted in May and September of 2009.
About 4.4 million very-low- income renters — those who earn less than half of their area’s median incomes — receive rental assistance from HUD such as public housing and Section 8 rental vouchers. But that’s only 25 percent of those who are eligible, Bostic said. In many cities, the waiting period to receive housing assistance can be years because of a backlog of applications.
“The resources available don’t match the prevailing need,” Bostic said.
Under historical measures, a home is said to be “affordable” if residents pay no more than 30 percent of their monthly income for rent and utilities. Harvard’s Joint Center for Housing Studies has estimated that 200,000 such apartments are lost each year.
From 2001 to 2007, the stock of affordable rental units fell by 6.3 percent, or 1.2 million, while the supply of high-rent units increased 94.3 percent. For every new affordable-housing unit that is constructed, two are demolished, abandoned or converted to condominiums or expensive rentals, according to the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.
HUD found that affordable rentals were hardest to find in the West, where 53 were available for every 100 very-low-income households. The ratio was 65 per 100 in the South and 66 per 100 in the Northeast. The recession-battered Midwest led the way with 87 affordable units available per 100 needy households.
