MOSCOW — Russia’s upper house of parliament unanimously ratified the New START nuclear arms pact with the United States on Wednesday, the centerpiece of President Barack Obama’s efforts to “reset” ties with Moscow.
The treaty limits each country to 1,550 strategic warheads, down from the current ceiling of 2,200, and also re-establishes a system for monitoring that ended in December 2009 with the expiration of a previous arms deal.
The approval by Russia’s Federation Council came one day after it was passed by the lower house of parliament. It now has to be signed by President Dmitry Medvedev.
The pact was approved by the U.S. Senate last month after Obama pressed strongly for its passage, phoning a handful of hesitant Republicans to lock in votes.
Democrats sought to appease some Republican senators by allowing them to raise concerns about the treaty in an accompanying resolution. The resolution didn’t affect the text of the treaty, but Russian legislators felt compelled to offer their own interpretation of the pact’s provisions in their ratification bill and accompanying statements.
While the Senate resolution said the treaty shouldn’t restrict U.S. plans to develop a missile-defense system, the Russian ratification bill states that the treaty can be fulfilled only if emerging missile-defense systems don’t erode the Russian nuclear deterrent.
The Russian bill also mimics the Senate resolution’s concerns that the remaining nuclear arsenal be effective by emphasizing the need to modernize Russia’s nuclear forces.
Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov told the upper house Wednesday that Russia was working to develop its own missile-defense system, but he didn’t give any specifics.
Addressing concerns about Russia being forced to disarm under the treaty, he said Russia now has a significantly smaller number of missiles and bombers than the treaty allows anyway.
Aging Soviet-built-missiles still form the core of Russia’s nuclear forces, and the military has struggled to build their replacements. The Bulava missile, intended for the latest generation of Russia’s nuclear submarines, has suffered a string of test failures, and it remains unclear when it will be ready.
