MONTERREY, Mexico — Mexicans have endured plenty of horrific crimes during their country’s bloody five-year war against drug gangs: bodies hanging from overpasses, beheadings, mass slayings of migrants and gunfights on crowded streets.
The torching of a casino that killed at least 52 people Thursday, however, was a shocking new low for many.
In a nationally televised speech Friday, an angry President Felipe Calderon declared three days of mourning and labeled the attack on the Casino Royale in Monterrey the worst against civilians in the nation’s recent history.
“We are not confronting common criminals,” he said. “We are facing true terrorists who have gone beyond all limits.”
The attack was different from others in recent years in that the victims weren’t cartel foot soldiers or migrants resisting forced recruitment by gangs. They were part of the middle class, working or gambling in an affluent part of Monterrey, a northeastern Mexico city that was once considered one of the country’s safest.
“The media impact that this has is greater because we’re talking about an attack on a civilian population of a certain income,” said Jorge Chabat, an expert in safety and drug trafficking at the Center for Research and Teaching in Economics, “because who was there was from the middle class, the upper middle class of an important city in Mexico.”
As the country took in the grisly details of the attack, some said a new, macabre milestone had been reached in a conflict that has claimed nearly 40,000 people since Calderon launched his drug offensive in December 2006. Calderon urged his people to unite against the cartels.
“Today, Mexico is upset and saddened, and we have to transform this sadness and this grief into courage and valor to face . . . these criminals,” said Calderon, who did not say whether his government would alter its offensive against the cartels.
Calderon announced he is sending more federal forces to the city of 1 million people.
Hours later, he appeared in front of the burned-out casino and held a silent, minute-long vigil.
A surveillance tape showed eight or nine men arriving in four cars at the casino and setting fire to the building within minutes. The gunmen had ordered people to leave before setting the fire, but many fled farther inside.
Officials said the victims likely died quickly, the majority from smoke inhalation.
In the streets around the casino Friday, people said the latest violence deepened their sense of vulnerability. In recent years, the city has been ensnared in a turf battle between the Gulf cartel and its offshoot, the Zetas, and is on track for record levels of killings this year.
“What happened last night was the limit,” said a man nursing a Coke at a hamburger stand across from the city’s morgue, where families streamed in all night to identify bodies. Like many people, he refused to give his name out of fear.
“We don’t know how to protect ourselves or whom we’re talking to,” he said. “We don’t have security right now.”
The attack has resonated in Mexico because many of the victims were from the middle class, so far mostly untouched by violence, Chabat said.
