The U.S. economy grew at a slightly slower pace over the summer than the government had previously estimated. Most economists foresee a slight acceleration in the current quarter and stronger growth in the first half of 2016.
The Commerce Department said Tuesday that the economy, as measured by the gross domestic product, expanded at a 2 percent annual rate in the July-September quarter. That was a bit lower than its previous estimate of 2.1 percent, a result of less restocking by businesses than previously estimated.
Last quarter’s expansion was significantly below the 3.9 percent annual GDP growth in the second quarter. The slowdown reflected a cutback in the pace of inventory restocking. Economists think growth in the final quarter will amount to around a 2.2 percent rate, helped by solid consumer spending.
The government’s latest estimate showed that slower growth in business stockpiles shaved 0.7 percentage points from third-quarter growth, larger than the 0.6 percentage point reduction estimated earlier. The government revises its GDP estimates as new data come in.
The 3.9 percent annual growth in the April-June quarter followed a barely discernible 0.6 percent increase in the January-March quarter, when growth was depressed by an unusually severe winter and by disruptions at West Coast ports.
Economists’ expectation is that the economy is growing at a moderate annual rate of around 2.2 percent in the current quarter and will accelerate to a 2.3 percent rate or higher in the first half of next year.
Gus Faucher, senior economist at PNC, said he expects economic growth of 2.4 percent for all of 2016. “Consumer spending will continue to lead overall growth.”
He predicted that the spending gains would be supported by solid hiring, faster pay growth and low energy prices.
Last quarter, consumer spending grew at a solid 3 percent pace, unchanged from the previous estimate. Business investment on structures fell at a 7.2 percent annual rate, slightly worse than previously thought, as cutbacks in oil and gas exploration hurt the energy sector. Business investment in equipment shot up at a 9.9 percent annual rate.
Housing construction expanded at an 8.2 percent annual pace and government spending at a 1.8 percent rate as gains in spending by state and local governments offset cuts in defense spending.
Foreign trade shaved 0.3 percentage point from third-quarter growth as a small gain in exports was offset by a bigger increase in imports. Export sales have been hurt by the strength of the dollar, which has made U.S. products costlier and less competitive on overseas markets.
The Federal Reserve last week boosted a key interest rate for the first time in nearly a decade, raising its target for overnight bank lending up a quarter-point to a range of 0.25 percent to 0.5 percent. It had been at near zero since late 2008.
Many analysts say solid economic growth and rising employment will keep the Fed on a path of gradual increases in rates in the next year. Some think the next rate hike might not occur until June, as the Fed takes time to assess the impact of the first hike on the economy. Many economists foresee only three or four quarter-point rate hikes in 2016.
